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+//
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+// Copyright © 2020 osy. All rights reserved.
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+//
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+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
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+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
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+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
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+//
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+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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+//
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+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
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+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
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+// limitations under the License.
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+//
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+
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+#include <stdint.h>
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+#include <stdio.h>
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+#include <string.h>
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+#include "UTMQcow2.h"
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+
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+#define QEMU_PACKED __attribute__((packed))
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+
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+#define BYTES_IN_MIB 1048576
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+#define DEFAULT_CLUSTER_SIZE 65536
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+#define L1E_SIZE (sizeof(uint64_t))
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+#define L2E_SIZE_NORMAL (sizeof(uint64_t))
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+#define QCOW_MAGIC (('Q' << 24) | ('F' << 16) | ('I' << 8) | 0xfb)
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+#define QCOW2_EXT_MAGIC_FEATURE_TABLE 0x6803f857
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+
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+typedef struct QCowHeader {
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+ uint32_t magic;
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+ uint32_t version;
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+ uint64_t backing_file_offset;
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+ uint32_t backing_file_size;
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+ uint32_t cluster_bits;
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+ uint64_t size; /* in bytes */
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+ uint32_t crypt_method;
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+ uint32_t l1_size; /* XXX: save number of clusters instead ? */
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+ uint64_t l1_table_offset;
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+ uint64_t refcount_table_offset;
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+ uint32_t refcount_table_clusters;
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+ uint32_t nb_snapshots;
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+ uint64_t snapshots_offset;
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+
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+ /* The following fields are only valid for version >= 3 */
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+ uint64_t incompatible_features;
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+ uint64_t compatible_features;
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+ uint64_t autoclear_features;
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+
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+ uint32_t refcount_order;
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+ uint32_t header_length;
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+
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+ /* Additional fields */
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+ uint8_t compression_type;
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+
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+ /* header must be a multiple of 8 */
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+ uint8_t padding[7];
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+} QEMU_PACKED QCowHeader;
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+
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+typedef struct {
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+ uint32_t magic;
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+ uint32_t len;
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+} QEMU_PACKED QCowExtension;
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+
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+typedef struct Qcow2Feature {
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+ uint8_t type;
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+ uint8_t bit;
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+ char name[46];
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+} QEMU_PACKED Qcow2Feature;
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+
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+typedef union {
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+ struct {
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+ QCowHeader header;
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+ QCowExtension featuresHeader;
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+ Qcow2Feature features[7];
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+ } QEMU_PACKED;
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+ char buffer[DEFAULT_CLUSTER_SIZE];
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+} QEMU_PACKED QcowDefaultHeader;
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+
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+enum {
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+ QCOW2_FEAT_TYPE_INCOMPATIBLE = 0,
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+ QCOW2_FEAT_TYPE_COMPATIBLE = 1,
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+ QCOW2_FEAT_TYPE_AUTOCLEAR = 2,
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+};
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+
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+/* Incompatible feature bits */
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+enum {
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+ QCOW2_INCOMPAT_DIRTY_BITNR = 0,
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+ QCOW2_INCOMPAT_CORRUPT_BITNR = 1,
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+ QCOW2_INCOMPAT_DATA_FILE_BITNR = 2,
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+ QCOW2_INCOMPAT_COMPRESSION_BITNR = 3,
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+ QCOW2_INCOMPAT_EXTL2_BITNR = 4,
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+ QCOW2_INCOMPAT_DIRTY = 1 << QCOW2_INCOMPAT_DIRTY_BITNR,
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+ QCOW2_INCOMPAT_CORRUPT = 1 << QCOW2_INCOMPAT_CORRUPT_BITNR,
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+ QCOW2_INCOMPAT_DATA_FILE = 1 << QCOW2_INCOMPAT_DATA_FILE_BITNR,
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+ QCOW2_INCOMPAT_COMPRESSION = 1 << QCOW2_INCOMPAT_COMPRESSION_BITNR,
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+ QCOW2_INCOMPAT_EXTL2 = 1 << QCOW2_INCOMPAT_EXTL2_BITNR,
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+
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+ QCOW2_INCOMPAT_MASK = QCOW2_INCOMPAT_DIRTY
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+ | QCOW2_INCOMPAT_CORRUPT
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+ | QCOW2_INCOMPAT_DATA_FILE
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+ | QCOW2_INCOMPAT_COMPRESSION
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+ | QCOW2_INCOMPAT_EXTL2,
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+};
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+
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+/* Compatible feature bits */
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+enum {
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+ QCOW2_COMPAT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS_BITNR = 0,
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+ QCOW2_COMPAT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS = 1 << QCOW2_COMPAT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS_BITNR,
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+
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+ QCOW2_COMPAT_FEAT_MASK = QCOW2_COMPAT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS,
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+};
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+
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+/* Autoclear feature bits */
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+enum {
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+ QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_BITMAPS_BITNR = 0,
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+ QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_DATA_FILE_RAW_BITNR = 1,
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+ QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_BITMAPS = 1 << QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_BITMAPS_BITNR,
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+ QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_DATA_FILE_RAW = 1 << QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_DATA_FILE_RAW_BITNR,
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+
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+ QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_MASK = QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_BITMAPS
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+ | QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_DATA_FILE_RAW,
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+};
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+
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+static inline uint64_t cpu_to_be64(uint64_t x)
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+{
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+ return __builtin_bswap64(x);
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+}
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+
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+static inline uint32_t cpu_to_be32(uint32_t x)
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+{
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+ return __builtin_bswap32(x);
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+}
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+
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+static inline int ctz32(uint32_t val)
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+{
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+ return val ? __builtin_ctz(val) : 32;
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+}
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+
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+static inline int64_t size_to_l1(int64_t size)
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+{
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+ int cluster_bits = ctz32(DEFAULT_CLUSTER_SIZE);
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+ int shift = 2 * cluster_bits - ctz32(L2E_SIZE_NORMAL);
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+ return (size + (1ULL << shift) - 1) >> shift;
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+}
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+
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+static bool qcow2_create(CFWriteStreamRef writeStream, size_t size) {
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+ uint32_t l1_size = (uint32_t)size_to_l1(size);
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+ QcowDefaultHeader header = {
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+ .header = {
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+ .magic = cpu_to_be32(QCOW_MAGIC),
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+ .version = cpu_to_be32(3),
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+ .cluster_bits = cpu_to_be32(ctz32(DEFAULT_CLUSTER_SIZE)),
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+ .size = cpu_to_be64(size),
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+ .l1_size = cpu_to_be32(l1_size),
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+ .l1_table_offset = cpu_to_be64(3 * DEFAULT_CLUSTER_SIZE),
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+ .refcount_table_offset = cpu_to_be64(DEFAULT_CLUSTER_SIZE),
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+ .refcount_table_clusters = cpu_to_be32(1),
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+ .refcount_order = cpu_to_be32(4),
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+ .header_length = cpu_to_be32(sizeof(header.header)),
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+ },
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+ .featuresHeader = {
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+ .magic = cpu_to_be32(QCOW2_EXT_MAGIC_FEATURE_TABLE),
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+ .len = cpu_to_be32(sizeof(header.features)),
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+ },
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+ .features = {
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+ {
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+ .type = QCOW2_FEAT_TYPE_INCOMPATIBLE,
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+ .bit = QCOW2_INCOMPAT_DIRTY_BITNR,
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+ .name = "dirty bit",
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+ },
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+ {
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+ .type = QCOW2_FEAT_TYPE_INCOMPATIBLE,
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+ .bit = QCOW2_INCOMPAT_CORRUPT_BITNR,
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+ .name = "corrupt bit",
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+ },
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+ {
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+ .type = QCOW2_FEAT_TYPE_INCOMPATIBLE,
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+ .bit = QCOW2_INCOMPAT_DATA_FILE_BITNR,
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+ .name = "external data file",
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+ },
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+ {
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+ .type = QCOW2_FEAT_TYPE_INCOMPATIBLE,
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+ .bit = QCOW2_INCOMPAT_COMPRESSION_BITNR,
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+ .name = "compression type",
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+ },
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+ {
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+ .type = QCOW2_FEAT_TYPE_COMPATIBLE,
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+ .bit = QCOW2_COMPAT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS_BITNR,
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+ .name = "lazy refcounts",
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+ },
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+ {
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+ .type = QCOW2_FEAT_TYPE_AUTOCLEAR,
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+ .bit = QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_BITMAPS_BITNR,
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+ .name = "bitmaps",
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+ },
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+ {
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+ .type = QCOW2_FEAT_TYPE_AUTOCLEAR,
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+ .bit = QCOW2_AUTOCLEAR_DATA_FILE_RAW_BITNR,
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+ .name = "raw external data",
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+ },
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+ },
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+ };
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+
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+ if (CFWriteStreamWrite(writeStream, (void *)&header.buffer, sizeof(header.buffer)) < 0) {
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+ return false;
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+ }
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+
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+ size_t total = 3 * DEFAULT_CLUSTER_SIZE + L1E_SIZE * l1_size;
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+ for (size_t i = DEFAULT_CLUSTER_SIZE; i < total; i += sizeof(uint64_t)) {
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+ uint64_t data = 0;
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+ if (i == DEFAULT_CLUSTER_SIZE) {
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+ data = cpu_to_be64(0x20000); // initial reftable
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+ } else if (i == 2 * DEFAULT_CLUSTER_SIZE) {
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+ data = cpu_to_be64(0x1000100010001); // initial refblock
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+ }
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+ if (CFWriteStreamWrite(writeStream, (void *)&data, sizeof(uint64_t)) < 0) {
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+ return false;
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+ }
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+ }
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+
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+ return true;
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+}
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+
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+bool GenerateDefaultQcow2File(CFURLRef path, size_t sizeInMib) {
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+ bool success = false;
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+ CFWriteStreamRef writeStream = CFWriteStreamCreateWithFile(kCFAllocatorDefault, path);
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+
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+ if (!CFWriteStreamOpen(writeStream)) {
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+ goto end;
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+ }
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+
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+ success = qcow2_create(writeStream, sizeInMib * BYTES_IN_MIB);
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+
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+end:
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+ CFWriteStreamClose(writeStream);
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+ CFRelease(writeStream);
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+ return success;
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+}
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osy